![]() Interglacials created the county's topography.Īlso See Leon County Pleistocene coastal terracesĪlso see: Florida Platform and Lithostratigraphy Geologic formations Sediments were laid down from the Pleistocene epoch (~2.588 million-12 000 years ago) through the Holocene epoch (~12,000-present) and are designated Beach ridge and trail and undifferentiated sediments.ĭuring the Pleistocene, what would be Leon County emerged and submerged with each glacial and interglacial period. The Pliocene (~5.332-2.588 Ma) is represented by the Miccosukee Formation scattered within the Torreya Formation. Marks Formation and is found in the northern two-thirds of the county. The Early Miocene (~23.03-15.7 Ma) sedimentation in Leon County is Hawthorn Group, Torreya Formation and St. The first sedimentation layer in Leon County is the Oligocene Suwannee Limestone in the southeastern part of the county as stated by the United States Geological Survey and Florida Geological Survey. ĭuring the Eocene (~55.8-33.9 Ma) and Oligocene (~33.9-23 Ma), the Appalachian Mountains began to uplift and the erosion rate increased enough to fill the Gulf Trough with quartz sands, silts, and clays via rivers and streams. The layers above the basement are carbonate rock created from dying foraminifera, bryozoa, mollusks, and corals from as early as the Paleocene, a period of ~66-55.8 Ma. Leon County encompasses basement rock composed of basalts of the Triassic and Jurassic from ~251 to 145 million years ago interlayered with Mesozoic sedimentary rocks. Geology Geological make-up of Leon County ![]() The highest point is 280 feet (85 m), in the northern part of the county. Unlike much of Florida, most of Leon County has rolling hills, as part of Florida's Red Hills Region. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 702 square miles (1,820 km 2), of which 667 square miles (1,730 km 2) are land and 35 square miles (91 km 2) (5.0%) are water. No Union soldiers set foot in Leon County until the Reconstruction Era.Īccording to the U.S. Uniquely among Confederate capitals east of the Mississippi River, in the American Civil War Tallahassee was never captured by Union forces. It ranked fifth of all Florida and Georgia counties in cotton production from the 20 major plantations. After many Seminole were forcibly removed from the area or moved south to the Everglades during the Seminole Wars, planters developed cotton plantations based on enslaved labor.īy the 1850s and 1860s, Leon County had become part of the Deep South's "cotton kingdom". In the 1830s, it attempted to conduct Indian Removal of the Seminole and Creek peoples, who had migrated south to escape European-American encroachment in Georgia and Alabama. ![]() The United States finally acquired this territory in the 19th century. It was named after Juan Ponce de León, the Spanish explorer who was the first European to reach Florida. Originally part of Escambia and later Gadsden County, Leon County was created in 1824.
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